二十世纪著名诗人罗伯特·福斯特（一）

（单词翻译）

32 二十世纪著名诗人罗伯特·福斯特（一）

DATE=5-06-01
TITLE=PEOPLE IN AMERICA #1820 - ROBERT FROST, PART 1
BYLINE=RICHARD THORMAN

      Voice one:
      I'm Shirley Griffith.
      Voice two:
      And I'm Rich Kleinfeldt with the special English program, people in America.  Today, we begin the story of twentieth (1) century (2) poet Robert Frost.
       (Theme)
       Voice one:
     In 1961, John Kennedy was (3) sworn in as president of the United States.  He asked one of America's best-known writers to read a poem.  Robert Frost stood in the cold (4) sunlight that day, his white hair (5) blowing in the wind.  He read these words from his poem, "the gift (6) outright¹":
      Narrator:
      The land was ours before we were the land's. She was our land more than a hundred years before we were her people.  She was ours in Massachusetts, in Virginia, but we were England's, still colonials², possessing what we still were unprocessed by, possessed³ by what we now no more possessed. Something we were (7) withholding⁴ made us weak until we found out that it was ourselves we were withholding from our land of living, and forthwith found (8) salvation⁵ in surrender. Such as we were we gave ourselves outright (the deed of gift was many deeds of war) to the land (9) vaguely⁶ realizing westward⁷, but still unstoried, artless, (10) unenhanced, such as she was, such as she would become
.       ((Music Bridge))
      Voice two:
      Robert Frost was one of America's best-known and most honored serious writers.  But his fame came late in his life.  He was forty years old before Americans began to read his poems and (11) praise them.  Once his fame was established, however, it grew stronger and stronger during the rest of his long life.
       His success came from uniting (12) traditional forms of poetry with American words, spoken in a clearly American way.
     Voice one:
     Frost used the same speaker for many poems, so the (13) separate poems formed a larger unity⁹.  He created this speaker carefully.  He felt that his readers would believe his poems if he put the words into the mouth of a wise person who lived in the country, not the city.
       Many people thought the speaker was frost himself.  In fact, the speaker was an (14) imaginary person.  Frost, the man, tried to become the imeginary person he created for his poetry.
       Voice two:
      Robert Frost is always (15) linked to the land of cold winters in the northeastern United States, the area called New England. Yet he came from the other side of the country, San Francisco, California. He was born there in eighteen- seventy- four. He lived in California during his early childhood.       This man who was born in the west and became linked with New England was named for the chief southern general in America's civil war.  The (16) general's name was Robert Edward lee.  The poet was named Robert lee frost, because his father wanted to honor the general.
       Someone once asked another American writer, Ernest Hemingway, how to become a writer.  The best thing, he said, was to have an unhappy (17) childhood.  If this is true, Robert frost's childhood was unhappy enough to make him a very good writer.
       ((Music Bridge))
       Voice one:
        Robert Frost's father was a (18) reporter who wanted to be a politician.  He often drank too much alcohol and became angry. Robert was the victim of his anger.  He was eleven when his father died.
       His mother tried to protect him from his father's anger.  Some people think she protected him too much.  As a child, Robert was afraid of the dark.  All his life he suffered from imaginary (19) sicknesses.
       Voice two:
      Frost's mother was from New England.  After her husband died, she moved back there.  She supported her children by teaching school. Yet she got more enjoyment¹⁰ from reading and writing poetry.
       Frost finished high school in eighteen- ninety- one.  He and a girl, Elinor White, had the best record of the students (20) graduating that year.  He married Elinor three years later.  She rejected him at first, but finally agreed to marry him.  This rejection¹¹ led to a lack of trust in their marriage.  It made Frost say this, "I could lose everything and not be surprised."       Voice one:
     After high school, Frost's (21) grandfather offered to pay his costs at Dartmouth college.  Frost left the school after a few months. He did not like it.  He spent the next few years working at different jobs.  At one time, he worked in a factory.  Later, he repaired shoes.  He was a teacher.  He was a reporter.  Always, he wrote poetry.
      Voice two:
       Frost attended Harvard University for two years.  After that, he returned to the many jobs he held before.  And he continued to write poetry.  He said that until nineteen-thirteen, he (22) earned only about ten dollars a year from writing.
       For a while, Frost tried to take care of a farm in the state of New Hampshire.  He was not a successful farmer.  During this time of working and traveling from job to job, he and his wife had four children.  Since he earned very little money, his family was always poor.
   Voice one:
     Robert Frost saw himself becoming more and more like his father, treating his family badly.  He became very unhappy with himself and with his life.  He even thought about ending his life.  In nineteen-twelve, he decided¹² to try to make a new start. He took his family to Britain.  The cost of living was low.  And there was an interest in what was then called a "new poetry."
       In Britain, Frost found a (23) publisher for his first book of poems. The book was called, a boy's will.  When it appeared in nineteen-thirteen, Frost received high praise from British readers.  Praise was something he had not received in his own country.
       Ezra pound, another American poet living in Britain, read the poems and liked them very much.  He wrote a (24) magazine report about frost.  He also helped get Frost's second book of poems published in America.  That book was called, North of Boston.
       Voice two:
     Many readers consider north of Boston to be Frost's best book of poems.  In Britain, it was praised even more than his first book. Readers saw the way he took simple material and constructed from it a world of new meanings.  They saw the way he spoke⁸ with a voice that sounded like common speech.
       What they failed to see was the differences Frost found between what was seen and the person doing the seeing.  This was what he called "the outer and inner weather."
       In nineteen-fifteen, both of frost's books were published in the United States.  He felt that his books had "gone home," and he should go home, too.  When he reached America, he was surprised by the praise he received and the acceptance of American publishers.
       In the words of the poem he read at president Kennedy's (25) inauguration¹³ many years later:  the land was his before he was the land.
       ((Music Bridge))
       Voice one:
     When Robert Frost returned to America from Britain, he bought another farm in New Hampshire. To feed himself and his family, he depended on the sales of his books and papers. He also earned money by speaking at universities.       Success did not ease his life.  And it did not change the way he thought and acted. The gentle, wise person who spoke from his poems was the man frost wanted to be.  He knew, however -- and his family knew -- he was not that man.       Tragic¹⁴ events affected¹⁵ him. His son killed himself. His wife was often sick, and his daughter became (26) mentally sick. Frost, too, suffered from his own imaginary sicknesses. Through his poems, however, he lived a different life.       Voice two:
      Frost was a worker in words, a (27) craftsman¹⁶.  He tried to capture exactly the speech of the people of New England.  He used simple descriptions that were easily understood.  He talked about simple, natural things:  trees, the weather, the seasons, night and day.  In an early poem he wrote:     Narrator:
     I'm going out to clean the (28) pasture¹⁷ spring; I'll only stop to (29) rake the leaves away (and wait to watch the water clear, I may): I shouldn't be gone long. --You come too. I'm going out to fetch the little calf¹⁸ that's standing¹⁹ by the mother.  It's so young it totters²⁰ when she licks²¹ it with her tongue. I shouldn't be gone long. --You come too.
       Voice one:
     Robert frost said that reading his poems should begin with pleasure and end in (30) wisdom.  Yet as he grew older, his simple idea of the world became more difficult.  His world was more touched with sadness.  He wrote more about fear, about being alone, about losing whatever he had.
       (Pause)
       We will continue our story of American poet Robert frost next week.          (Theme)
       Voice two:
      This special English program was written by Richard Thurman. It was produced by Christine Johnson.  I'm Rich Kleinfeldt.
       Voice one:
      And I'm Shirley Griffith.  Join us again next week for another program about people in America on VOA.

注释：
(1) century[ 5sentFuri, -tFEri ]n.世纪, 百年
(2) poet[ 5pEuit, 5pEuet ]n.诗人
(3)sworn[ swC:n ]adj.宣誓过的, 起誓宣布的
(4)sunlight[ 5sQnlait ]n.日光, 阳光
(5)blowing[ 5blEuiN ]吹风, 排泄
(6)outright[ 5aut5rait ]adj.直率的, 彻底的
(7)withholding[ wiT5hEuldiN ]v.扣交
(8)salvation[ sAl5veiFEn ]n.拯救, 救助
(9)vaguely[5veI^lI]adv.含糊地, 暧昧地
(10)enhanced[ in5hB:nst ]a.增强的, 提高的
(11)praise[ preiz ]v.赞扬, 歌颂
(12)traditional[trE5dIFEn(E)l]adj.传统的, 惯例的
(13)separate[ 5sepEreit ]adj.分开的, 分离的
(14)imaginary[ i5mAdVinEri ]adj.假想的, 想象的
(15)linked[ liNkt ]adj.连接的, 显示连环遗传的
(16)general[ 5dVenErEl ]n.普通, 将军adj.一般的, 普通的
(17)childhood[ 5tFaildhud ]n.孩童时期
(18)reporter[ ri5pC:tE ]n.记者, 通讯员
(19)sickness[ 5siknis ]n.疾病, 呕吐
(20)graduate[5^rAdjueit, -dVueit] n. (大学) 毕业生, 研究生
(21)grandfather[ 5^rAnd7fB:TE ]n.祖父, 始祖
(22)earn[ E:n ]v.赚, 挣得
(23)publisher[5pQblIFE(r)]n.出版者, 发行人
(24)magazine[ 7mA^E5zi:n ]n.杂志, 期刊
(25)inauguration[ i7nC:^ju5reiFEn ]n.就职典礼, 开幕式
(26)mentally[5mentElI]adv.精神上, 智力上, 在内心
(27)craftsman[ 5krB:ftsmEn ]n.工匠, 手艺精巧的人, 艺术家
(28)pasture[ 5pB:stFE ]n.牧地, 草原
(29)rake[ reik ]n.耙子
(30)wisdom[ 5wizdEm ]n.智慧, 明智的行为