VOA标准英语2009年-US Lawmakers Approve Sanctions Measure

（单词翻译）

US lawmakers have criticized Iran's government for continuing its uranium enrichment program as House of Representatives overwhelmingly approved legislation that, if passed by full Congress and signed by President Barack Obama, would expand existing sanctions targeting Iran's refined petroleum¹ infrastructure².

Dan Robinson | Capitol Hill 16 December 2009

US Capitol, Washington., DC (File)

International Community Looks at Options to Stop Iran From Producing Nuclear Weapons
"With this legislation today we strengthen the president's hand to use or to withhold⁴ this particular sanction, but to have the capability⁵ to use diplomacy⁶ in a stronger way."

The Iran Refined Petroleum Sanctions Act has enjoyed overwhelming bipartisan support.  This has intensified⁷ as the Obama administration's outreach to Iran has been rebuffed and Tehran has defied international demands by expanding its nuclear enrichment program.

Approved in the House by a vote of 412 to 12, the measure targets Iran's dependence⁸ on imported gasoline.  It stiffens⁹ penalties for companies involved in supplying Iran with as much as 40 percent of its refined petroleum needs by denying them access to U.S markets.

Howard Berman, Democratic Chairman of the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, said Congress is forced to act because Iran has responded to President Obama's outstretched hand with a "clenched¹¹ fist."

"I believe that passage and implementation¹² of this act would have a powerful effect on the Iranian economy.  And I believe it would force unpalatable budgetary choices on the Iranian regime, vastly increasing the domestic political cost of pursuing its nuclear program," he said.

Iranian technicians work with foreign colleagues at the Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant, just outside the southern port city of Bushehr (File)

Concern about Iran's nuclear program, which the United States and other governments say is aimed at developing nuclear weapons, was intensified by Iran's announcement that it would build 10 more nuclear plants and construct thousands of additional centrifuges to process uranium.  Tehran maintains that its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes.

Lawmakers referred to a report Tuesday in The Washington Post newspaper, saying that Western and United Nations officials are analyzing¹³ an Iranian technical document that appears to show Iranian scientists evaluating or testing a component¹⁴ crucial to detonating a nuclear warhead.

Tuesday's debate found Democrats¹⁵ and Republicans supporting the bill, while opponents asserted that sanctions would be ineffective and harm President Obama's ongoing¹⁶ diplomatic efforts with Iran.

Speaker of the House Democrat¹⁰ Nancy Pelosi said the legislation and the waiver authority it contains, would strengthen President Obama's diplomatic hand, while Republican Ileana Ros-Lehtinen stressed the threat an Iranian nuclear weapon would pose.

PELOSI:  "With this legislation today we strengthen the president's hand to use or to withhold this particular sanction, but to have the capability to use diplomacy in a stronger way."
LEHTINEN:  "Iran has manipulated nations, world leaders and the United Nations on its march toward possessing the capacity to unleash¹⁷ nuclear havoc¹⁸ on the world."

Representatives Dennis Kucinich and Stephen Lynch were among the nine Democrats and three Republicans who voted against the measure.

KUCINICH:  "This legislation obstructs¹⁹ the Obama administration's ongoing negotiations²⁰ with Iran, amounts to economic warfare²¹ against the Iranian people, and brings us closer to an unnecessary military confrontation²²."
LYNCH:  "This bill will help [Iranian President Mahmoud] Ahmadinejad.  This will have the same effect that we have seen with other embargos and sanctions."

Representative Mark Kirk, a Republican and co-sponsor of the first gasoline sanction proposals in 2005, disagreed saying the measure would be effective.

"A restriction²³ of gasoline deliveries to Iran, administered through multilateral sanctions and enforced by the world's most powerful navies, will pit our greatest strength against Iran's greatest weakness -- all without a shot being fired," he said.

Approval of the House version comes amid questions of whether the U.S. Senate will act on a similar measure it has before the end of the year.

Last week, the State Department voiced concern that the Senate bill in its current form "might weaken rather than strengthen international unity³ and support" for U.S efforts on Iran.  Negotiations are continuing.

Looking ahead to the task of reconciling the House and Senate bills, Representive Berman said he remains²⁴ open to adjustments that would encourage other nations to support a strong regime of multilateral sanctions against Iran, including the possibility of exempting²⁵ companies whose host nations are already enforcing robust²⁶ sanctions in their national laws.