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（单词翻译）

This is Scientific American’s 60-Second Science, I’m Christopher Intagliata. Got a minute?

Last month's salmonella outbreak got over 1,500 people sick. And one reason salmonella may be such a heavy hitter is that it actually hijacks1 our immune response for its own benefit. That's according to a study in the journal Nature

Bacteria in our gut2 gobble up things like sugars and fatty acids, which they can break down either through respiration3 or fermentation. Respiration provides a bigger energy kick. But it requires oxygen, which is sparse4 in the gut. So most bacteria go the fermentation route

Except salmonella. Because it’s adapted to use the respiration route. Not with oxygen, but via a sulfur5 compound—something most bacteria can't do

The insidious6 thing is that the sulfur compound the salmonellafeast on is a by-product7 of the attack our white blood cells launch against the invaders8. So by protecting ourselves, we're also ensuring that salmonella stay well-fed. Because a more inflamed9 gut allows salmonellabacteria to outcompete good bacteria, and explode in numbers. And the little buggers also use our attempts to expel them with vomiting10 and diarrhea. Those are both excellent ways for the bugs to get to their next victims

Thanks for minute, for Scientific American’s 60-Second Science, I’m Christopher Intagliata


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1 hijacks 678bf5894e05ba78937af53c72ee0477     
劫持( hijack的名词复数 )； 绑架； 拦路抢劫； 操纵（会议等，以推销自己的意图）
参考例句：
  • Just as life infiltrates matter mercilessly and then hijacks it forever, cultural life hijacks biology. 正如生命无情地浸入物质并永远地将其劫持，文化生命也劫持了生物界。
2 gut MezzP     
n.[pl.]胆量；内脏；adj.本能的；vt.取出内脏
参考例句：
  • It is not always necessary to gut the fish prior to freezing.冷冻鱼之前并不总是需要先把内脏掏空。
  • My immediate gut feeling was to refuse.我本能的直接反应是拒绝。
3 respiration us7yt     
n.呼吸作用；一次呼吸；植物光合作用
参考例句：
  • They tried artificial respiration but it was of no avail.他们试做人工呼吸，可是无效。
  • They made frequent checks on his respiration,pulse and blood.他们经常检查他的呼吸、脉搏和血液。
4 sparse SFjzG     
adj.稀疏的，稀稀落落的，薄的
参考例句：
  • The teacher's house is in the suburb where the houses are sparse.老师的家在郊区，那里稀稀拉拉有几处房子。
  • The sparse vegetation will only feed a small population of animals.稀疏的植物只够喂养少量的动物。
5 sulfur ps4wC     
n.硫，硫磺（=sulphur）
参考例句：
  • Sulfur emissions from steel mills become acid rain.炼钢厂排放出的硫形成了酸雨。
  • Burning may produce sulfur oxides.燃烧可能会产生硫氧化物。
6 insidious fx6yh     
adj.阴险的，隐匿的，暗中为害的，（疾病）不知不觉之间加剧
参考例句：
  • That insidious man bad-mouthed me to almost everyone else.那个阴险的家伙几乎见人便说我的坏话。
  • Organized crime has an insidious influence on all who come into contact with it.所有和集团犯罪有关的人都会不知不觉地受坏影响。
7 by-product nSayP     
n.副产品，附带产生的结果
参考例句：
  • Freedom is the by-product of economic surplus.自由是经济盈余的副产品。
  • The raw material for the tyre is a by-product of petrol refining.制造轮胎的原材料是提炼汽油时产生的一种副产品。
8 invaders 5f4b502b53eb551c767b8cce3965af9f     
入侵者，侵略者，侵入物( invader的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • They prepared to repel the invaders. 他们准备赶走侵略军。
  • The family has traced its ancestry to the Norman invaders. 这个家族将自己的世系追溯到诺曼征服者。
9 inflamed KqEz2a     
adj.发炎的，红肿的v.（使）变红，发怒，过热( inflame的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
  • His comments have inflamed teachers all over the country. 他的评论激怒了全国教师。
  • Her joints are severely inflamed. 她的关节严重发炎。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 vomiting 7ed7266d85c55ba00ffa41473cf6744f     
吐
参考例句：
  • Symptoms include diarrhoea and vomiting. 症状有腹泻和呕吐。
  • Especially when I feel seasick, I can't stand watching someone else vomiting." 尤其晕船的时候，看不得人家呕。”

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