SSS 2010-11-03

（单词翻译）

　　This is Scientific American’s 60-Second Science. I’m Karen Hopkin. This will just take a minute.
Maybe your dad said, “The harder you work for something, the more you’ll appreciate it.” Well, father really did know best, because a new study finds that the harder mice have to work for a treat, the better it tastes. The research appears in the Proceedings¹ of the Royal Society.
Mice were trained to push levers to get either of two rewards. Press one lever, out comes a drop of sugar water. Press the other and they get a drop of different tasting sugar water.
Then things got interesting. For one of the treats, scientists gradually increased the amount of effort required for the payoff—from one lever-press to five, then 10, then 15. So by the end of the session, one type of sugar water cost 15 times more effort than the other.
The mice then retired² to their home cage where both treats were freely available. And they showed a strong preference for whichever reward they’d worked harder to obtain. Based on how fast the mice sipped³, they appeared to find the costlier⁴ sugar water more tasty, which makes evolutionary⁵ sense. An animal wouldn’t survive if a little hard work left a bitter taste in its mouth.
Thanks for the minute. For Scientific American’s 60-Second Science, I’m Karen Hopkin.