SSS 2012-05-01

时间：2012-06-28 02:03:51

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（单词翻译）

This is Scientific Americans 60 Second Science, I am Sophie Bushwick. Got a minute?

It’s more bad news for vampires¹, but good news for the fight against food-borne illness: a compound in garlic is extremely effective at fighting Campylobacter, bacteria that frequently cause intestinal² infections. The work is in the Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.

Campylobacter causes problems in part because its cells produce a slime that holds them together in a biofilm. This biofilm sticks to food and food preparation surfaces, helping³ contamination spread. And it protects the bacteria from antibiotics⁴.

Researchers tried treating Campylobacter jejuni with two common antibiotics, as well as with diallyl sulfide, the compound derived⁵ from garlic.

The antibiotics did some damage. But the garlic compound worked faster and was a hundred times as effective. It quickly infiltrated⁶ the biofilm, and killed the bacteria, apparently⁷ by inhibiting⁸ the functions of enzymes⁹.

Eating garlic won’t slay¹⁰ Campylobacter. But diallyl sulfide could one day be used to clean surfaces used for food preparation, and to stop bacteria from colonizing¹¹ packaged foods, like salads and deli meats. Which may annoy any vampires getting by on rare roast beef.

Thanks for the minute, for Scientific Americans 60 second Science, I am Sophie Bushwick.

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1 vampires
n.吸血鬼( vampire的名词复数 )；吸血蝠；高利贷者；（舞台上的）活板门
参考例句：
The most effective weapon against the vampires is avampire itself. 对付吸血鬼最有效的武器就是吸血鬼自己。来自电影对白 If vampires existed, don`t you think we would`ve found them by now? 如果真有吸血鬼，那我们怎么还没有找到他们呢？来自电影对白

2 intestinal
adj.肠的；肠壁；肠道细菌
参考例句：
A few other conditions are in high intestinal obstruction. 其它少数情况是高位肠梗阻。来自辞典例句 This complication has occasionally occurred following the use of intestinal antiseptics. 这种并发症偶而发生在使用肠道抗菌剂上。来自辞典例句

3 helping
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的
参考例句：
The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。 By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

4 antibiotics
n.（用作复数）抗生素；（用作单数）抗生物质的研究；抗生素，抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
参考例句：
the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现 The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。

5 derived
vi.起源；由来；衍生；导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取
参考例句：
Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。来自《简明英汉词典》 He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。来自《简明英汉词典》

6 infiltrated
adj.[医]浸润的v.（使）渗透，（指思想）渗入人的心中( infiltrate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
The headquarters had been infiltrated by enemy spies. 总部混入了敌方特务。 Many Chinese idioms have infiltrated into the Japanese language. 许多中国成语浸透到日语中。来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

7 apparently
adv.显然地；表面上，似乎
参考例句：
An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。 He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

8 inhibiting
抑制作用的，约束的
参考例句：
The high cost of borrowing is inhibiting investment by industry in new equipment. 借款的高成本抑制了企业对新设备的投资。 The pesticides affect the nervous system by inhibiting the enzyme cholinesterase. 这类农药抑制胆碱酯酶而影响神经系统。

9 enzymes
n. 酶，酵素
参考例句：
It was said that washing powders containing enzymes remove stains more efficiently. 据说加酶洗衣粉除污更有效。 Among the enzymes which are particularly effective are pepsin, papain. 在酶当中特别有效的是胃朊酶、木瓜酶。

10 slay
v.杀死，宰杀，杀戮
参考例句：
He intended to slay his father's murderer.他意图杀死杀父仇人。 She has ordered me to slay you.她命令我把你杀了。

11 colonizing
v.开拓殖民地，移民于殖民地( colonize的现在分词 )
参考例句：
The art of colonizing is no exception to the rule. 殖民的芸术是� 有特例的。来自互联网 A Lesson for Other Colonizing Nations. 其它殖民国家学习的教训。来自互联网

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