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科学美国人60秒 SSS 睡眠不平衡不利于血糖调节

时间:2019-12-10 09:01:38

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This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.

Few things are more satisfying than sleeping late on weekends. But though the extra z's may improve your mood, they do not appear to improve your health. Because a new study shows that so-called "recovery sleep" cannot reset2 the body's metabolic3 clock...and may actually lead to some serious health issues.

"Sleep loss can impact a range of physiological4 systems. It can increase our risk for cardiovascular disease, it can cause weight gain, it can decrease insulin sensitivity, so it can increase our risk of diabetes5...."

Christopher Depner, an assistant professor in the department of integrative physiology6 at the University of Colorado, Boulder7.

"And this can happen, d?epending on what you're looking at, this can happen as quick as just one or two nights of not getting enough sleep."

A lot of us shut off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday. But we go right back to b?urning the candle at both ends once the workweek begins.

"So we were really interested in how the sort of cycle of between insufficient8 sleep, weekend recovery sleep, insufficient sleep, can impact your risk of obesity9 and metabolic disease."

Depner and his colleagues invited volunteers to a nine-day snooze-a-thon. One group was allowed to get a full night's sleep. The next was kept to just five hours each night. And the third group went back and forth10, restricted to five hours of shut-eye during the workweek, allowed as much sleep as they wanted over the weekend, and then back to five hours for the last couple days.

The results?

"Well, the key findings from this study show that when we maintain insufficient short sleep schedules during a typical work or school week, we find that this leads people to eat more than they need and this leads to weight gain. And when they are eating more, they actually eat more predominantly after-dinner snacks. And this altogether also leads to reduce the ability for us to regulate our blood sugar levels."

Ken1 Wright, professor of integrative physiology at U.C. Boulder. He's the senior author of the study, which appears in the journal Current Biology.

So it seems a loss of sleep leads to a spike11 in snacking. But even more surprising, sleeping in on the weekend doesn't help—and even makes things worse.

"We found that after the weekend, when they went back to getting insufficient sleep during the work or school week, we found that their liver and their muscle insulin sensitivity or blood sugar regulation was reduced. And this is not something we had found in people who maintained chronic12 insufficient sleep schedules. So it's possible that, yes, this is a worsening of the body's ability to regulate blood sugar for those specific tissues after the weekend."

So make a date with a pillow. And trade the sweets for sweet dreams.

Thanks for listening for Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.


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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 ken k3WxV     
n.视野,知识领域
参考例句:
  • Such things are beyond my ken.我可不懂这些事。
  • Abstract words are beyond the ken of children.抽象的言辞超出小孩所理解的范围.
2 reset rkHzYJ     
v.重新安排,复位;n.重新放置;重放之物
参考例句:
  • As soon as you arrive at your destination,step out of the aircraft and reset your wristwatch.你一到达目的地,就走出飞机并重新设置手表时间。
  • He is recovering from an operation to reset his arm.他做了一个手臂复位手术,正在恢复。
3 metabolic 2R4z1     
adj.新陈代谢的
参考例句:
  • Impressive metabolic alternations have been undergone during embryogenesis.在胚胎发生期间经历了深刻的代谢变化。
  • A number of intoxicants are associated with metabolic acidosis.许多毒性物质可引起代谢性酸中毒。
4 physiological aAvyK     
adj.生理学的,生理学上的
参考例句:
  • He bought a physiological book.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
  • Every individual has a physiological requirement for each nutrient.每个人对每种营养成分都有一种生理上的需要。
5 diabetes uPnzu     
n.糖尿病
参考例句:
  • In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者,医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
  • Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。
6 physiology uAfyL     
n.生理学,生理机能
参考例句:
  • He bought a book about physiology.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
  • He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology.他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。
7 boulder BNbzS     
n.巨砾;卵石,圆石
参考例句:
  • We all heaved together and removed the boulder.大家一齐用劲,把大石头搬开了。
  • He stepped clear of the boulder.他从大石头后面走了出来。
8 insufficient L5vxu     
adj.(for,of)不足的,不够的
参考例句:
  • There was insufficient evidence to convict him.没有足够证据给他定罪。
  • In their day scientific knowledge was insufficient to settle the matter.在他们的时代,科学知识还不能足以解决这些问题。
9 obesity Dv1ya     
n.肥胖,肥大
参考例句:
  • One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
  • Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。
10 forth Hzdz2     
adv.向前;向外,往外
参考例句:
  • The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
  • He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。
11 spike lTNzO     
n.长钉,钉鞋;v.以大钉钉牢,使...失效
参考例句:
  • The spike pierced the receipts and held them in order.那个钉子穿过那些收据并使之按顺序排列。
  • They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手。
12 chronic BO9zl     
adj.(疾病)长期未愈的,慢性的;极坏的
参考例句:
  • Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
  • Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

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