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科学美国人60秒 SSS 伦敦各处都潜伏着耐药细菌

时间:2020-05-26 00:48:21

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(单词翻译)

This is Scientific American's 60-second Science, I'm Christopher Intagliata.

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学系列,我是克里斯托弗·因塔格里塔。

If you’re a germaphobe navigating1 the city, there are certain mandatory2 rules of engagement: Use a paper towel to shield your hand as you touch the bathroom door handle. Lift toilet seat covers with your shoe. Touch buttons at ATMs, and crosswalks, and elevators with a knuckle3 or the back of your hand—never a fingertip. I know this, because I am that person.

如果你是个在城市中穿行的细菌恐惧症患者,那你会有某些强制的约定规则:触摸卫生间门把手时用纸巾垫着。用脚掀开马桶盖。用指关节或手背按自动取款机、人行横道和电梯的按钮——绝对不用指尖。我知道这一点是因为我就是这样的人。

And a new study in the journal Scientific Reports somewhat justifies4 my behavior. Because when researchers in London sampled all those kinds of surfaces—in public shopping centers, train stations and common areas in hospitals—they found a whole lot of antibiotic-resistant5 bacteria lurking6 there.

《科学报告》期刊上发表的一项新研究多少证明了我的行为是合理的。因为当伦敦研究人员在公共购物中心、火车站和医院公共区域里上述所有表面取样时,他们发现,那些地方都潜伏着大量的耐抗生素细菌。

The scientists swabbed sites all over London and ended up with 600 samples of Staphylococcus bacteria. Of those, nearly half were resistant to two or more commonly used antibiotics7, like penicillin8 and erythromycin. And the hospital samples had significantly more drug-resistant microbes—which makes sense, because hospitals are places where they use a lot of antibiotics.

科学家用棉签擦拭了全伦敦的上述地点,最终得到了600个葡萄球菌样本。当然,其中近一半对两种或两种以上的常用抗生毒有抗药性,比如青霉素和红霉素。医院样本中的耐药细菌明显更多,这合情合理,因为医院是大量使用抗生素的地方。

But there’s a silver lining9 here, it might be how few staph bacteria were multidrug-resistant in public places: a mere10 47 percent. Because a few years back, one of the same scientists swabbed London hotel rooms—and found that 86 percent of the staph bacteria there were multidrug resistant. Which may not help you sleep easy.

但还有一线希望,可能是公共场所的葡萄球菌的多重耐药性很低,只有47%。因为几年前,参与此项研究的一名科学家曾用棉签擦拭伦敦酒店房间,发现那里86%的葡萄球菌都具有多重耐药性。这可能会让你睡不安稳。

Thanks for listening for Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔。


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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 navigating 7b03ffaa93948a9ae00f8802b1000da5     
v.给(船舶、飞机等)引航,导航( navigate的现在分词 );(从海上、空中等)横越;横渡;飞跃
参考例句:
  • These can also be very useful when navigating time-based documents, such as video and audio. 它对于和时间有关的文档非常有用,比如视频和音频文档。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
  • Vehicles slowed to a crawl on city roads, navigating slushy snow. 汽车在市区路上行驶缓慢,穿越泥泞的雪地。 来自互联网
2 mandatory BjTyz     
adj.命令的;强制的;义务的;n.受托者
参考例句:
  • It's mandatory to pay taxes.缴税是义务性的。
  • There is no mandatory paid annual leave in the U.S.美国没有强制带薪年假。
3 knuckle r9Qzw     
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
参考例句:
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
4 justifies a94dbe8858a25f287b5ae1b8ef4bf2d2     
证明…有理( justify的第三人称单数 ); 为…辩护; 对…作出解释; 为…辩解(或辩护)
参考例句:
  • Their frequency of use both justifies and requires the memorization. 频繁的使用需要记忆,也促进了记忆。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
  • In my judgement the present end justifies the means. 照我的意见,只要目的正当,手段是可以不计较的。
5 resistant 7Wvxh     
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
参考例句:
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
6 lurking 332fb85b4d0f64d0e0d1ef0d34ebcbe7     
潜在
参考例句:
  • Why are you lurking around outside my house? 你在我房子外面鬼鬼祟祟的,想干什么?
  • There is a suspicious man lurking in the shadows. 有一可疑的人躲在阴暗中。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
7 antibiotics LzgzQT     
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
8 penicillin sMXxv     
n.青霉素,盘尼西林
参考例句:
  • I should have asked him for a shot of penicillin.我应当让他给我打一针青霉素的。
  • Penicillin was an extremely significant medical discovery.青霉素是极其重要的医学发现。
9 lining kpgzTO     
n.衬里,衬料
参考例句:
  • The lining of my coat is torn.我的外套衬里破了。
  • Moss makes an attractive lining to wire baskets.用苔藓垫在铁丝篮里很漂亮。
10 mere rC1xE     
adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过
参考例句:
  • That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
  • It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。

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