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科学美国人60秒 SSS 食品保质期可能误导消费者

时间:2020-07-01 01:27:05

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(单词翻译)

This is Scientific American 60-second Science, I'm Jared Rizzi.

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学系列,我是贾里德·里吉。

"Best before," "sell by," "for best results, use by." You probably have many of these labels on items in your fridge and pantry right now.

“最佳食用日期”、“贩卖期限(保质期)”、“最佳使用期限”。现在你的冰箱和食品储藏室里的物品上可能有许多这种标签。

"A lot of behavior on what you throw away and how you consume food, a lot of people go off what's on the label. And so what we're looking at is trying to shift behavior, trying to make consistency1 in terms of how foods are labeled so that we can avoid waste and avoid people throwing away products that are perfectly2 good to eat."

“标签上写着扔掉哪些食物和如何食用食物的大量行为指导,但很多人对标签上的内容不以为然。因此,我们正在努力改变人们的行为,努力使食物的标签方式保持一致,这样我们就可以避免浪费,避免人们扔掉可完美食用的产品。”

Pete Pearson is the senior director for food loss and waste at World Wildlife Fund.

世界野生动物基金会负责食品损失和浪费的高级主管皮特·皮尔森说到。

"Seventy percent or more of the biodiversity loss on the planet is attributed to food and agriculture."

“地球上70%或更多的生物多样性损失要归咎于食品和农业。”

The Natural Resources Defense3 Council estimates that 40 percent of all food in the United States goes uneaten. That translates to some $218 billion in wasted money annually4. Beyond the hit to the wallet, food waste in landfills creates methane5, which is a more potent6 greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. And these figures don't include a full accounting7 of the accumulated waste producing and transporting food that we don't eat; water and fertilizer; maintenance of animal habitats; and fuel.

美国自然资源保护委员会估计,美国40%的食物没有被食用。这相当于每年浪费2180亿美元。除了浪费钱以外,垃圾填埋场的食物垃圾还会产生甲烷,这是一种比二氧化碳危害更大的温室气体。这些数字不包括生产和运输我们不吃的食物所造成的累积废料、水、肥料、维护动物栖息地以及燃料等完整统计。

"And often, because of labeling and consumer behavior, we throw it away, and it's still perfectly good to eat."

“通常,由于标签和消费者行为,我们会将仍可以完美食用的食物扔掉。”

Another part of the solution could come from the bipartisan Food Date Labeling Act, which would expand federal standards on expiration8 dates from just baby formula now to most everything else. The bill is making its way through Congress and could streamline9 what you see when you're shopping. Part of the goal? To reduce customer confusion.

解决方案的另一部分可能来自两党制定的《食品日期标签法案》,该法案将把有效期限的联邦标准从婴儿奶粉扩展到几乎一切食物。这项法案目前正在国会进行审议,可能简化大家在购物时看到的东西。目标为何?减少顾客的困惑。

"What they're trying to do is introduce a series of binding10 federal standards. In some cases, this is done by states and local jurisdictions11. And so what you have is a big confusion and inconsistency in terms of the language."

“他们在试图引入一系列具有约束力的联邦标准。在某些情况下,这由各州和地方司法管辖区完成。因此,在语言上可能存在很大的混淆和不一致。”

The House bill recommends a label of "Best if Used by" for when a product's quality or freshness may start to worsen and then "Use by" for when it's definitely time to get rid of it. And Pearson recommends, well, a little bravery:

这份众议院法案建议用“最佳食用日期”表示产品的质量或新鲜度开始变差的时间,用“食用期限”表示绝对应该扔掉的时间。而皮尔森的建议则要更大胆一些:

"So I found that as a food-waste leader and the director of a program, I find that I'm eating a lot of foods that most people probably wouldn't. And we need more food-waste warriors12. We need people that are willing to cut the mold off of cheese or scrape some fuzz out of the sour cream. Because it's not gonna detract anything from the actual product. And you will survive; you're not gonna die. And you're gonna save food and help save the environment in the process."

“我发现,作为食物废弃问题的领导者以及项目负责人,我吃掉了很多大多数人可能不会吃的食物。我们需要更多食物废弃方面的勇士。我们需要愿意将奶酪上的霉菌切掉或将酸奶油上的绒毛刮掉的人。因为这不会损坏实际产品的任何东西。你会活下来,你不会死。而且在这个过程中,你会节约食物,帮助保护环境。”

Thanks for listening for Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Jared Rizzi.

谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是贾里德·里吉。


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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 consistency IY2yT     
n.一贯性,前后一致,稳定性;(液体的)浓度
参考例句:
  • Your behaviour lacks consistency.你的行为缺乏一贯性。
  • We appreciate the consistency and stability in China and in Chinese politics.我们赞赏中国及其政策的连续性和稳定性。
2 perfectly 8Mzxb     
adv.完美地,无可非议地,彻底地
参考例句:
  • The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
  • Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。
3 defense AxbxB     
n.防御,保卫;[pl.]防务工事;辩护,答辩
参考例句:
  • The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
  • The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。
4 annually VzYzNO     
adv.一年一次,每年
参考例句:
  • Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
  • They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。
5 methane t1Eyx     
n.甲烷,沼气
参考例句:
  • The blast was caused by pockets of methane gas that ignited.爆炸是由数袋甲烷气体着火引起的。
  • Methane may have extraterrestrial significance.甲烷具有星际意义。
6 potent C1uzk     
adj.强有力的,有权势的;有效力的
参考例句:
  • The medicine had a potent effect on your disease.这药物对你的病疗效很大。
  • We must account of his potent influence.我们必须考虑他的强有力的影响。
7 accounting nzSzsY     
n.会计,会计学,借贷对照表
参考例句:
  • A job fell vacant in the accounting department.财会部出现了一个空缺。
  • There's an accounting error in this entry.这笔账目里有差错。
8 expiration bmSxA     
n.终结,期满,呼气,呼出物
参考例句:
  • Can I have your credit card number followed by the expiration date?能告诉我你的信用卡号码和它的到期日吗?
  • This contract shall be terminated on the expiration date.劳动合同期满,即行终止。
9 streamline dtiwk     
vt.使成流线型;使简化;使现代化
参考例句:
  • We must streamline our methods.我们必须简化方法。
  • Any liquid or gas passing it will have streamline flow.任何通过它的液体或气体将呈流线型的流动。
10 binding 2yEzWb     
有约束力的,有效的,应遵守的
参考例句:
  • The contract was not signed and has no binding force. 合同没有签署因而没有约束力。
  • Both sides have agreed that the arbitration will be binding. 双方都赞同仲裁具有约束力。
11 jurisdictions 56c6bce4efb3de7be8c795d15d592c2c     
司法权( jurisdiction的名词复数 ); 裁判权; 管辖区域; 管辖范围
参考例句:
  • Butler entreated him to remember the act abolishing the heritable jurisdictions. 巴特勒提醒他注意废除世袭审判权的国会法令。
  • James I personally adjudicated between the two jurisdictions. 詹姆士一世亲自裁定双方纠纷。
12 warriors 3116036b00d464eee673b3a18dfe1155     
武士,勇士,战士( warrior的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • I like reading the stories ofancient warriors. 我喜欢读有关古代武士的故事。
  • The warriors speared the man to death. 武士们把那个男子戳死了。

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