科学美国人60秒 SSS 有些幼狼具有取回物品的天赋

（单词翻译）

This is Scientific American's 60-second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学。我是凯伦·霍普金。

It may be one of the doggone doggiest things a doggy can do...

这可能是狗狗能做的最像狗的事情之一。

(CLIP: Dog running and dropping a stick)

（音频片段：狗狗奔跑和丢棍子）

...chasing down a stick or a ball and then bringing it back.

……追棍子或球，然后叼回来。

But when it comes to playing fetch, perhaps the apple doesn't fall all that far from the evolutionary¹ tree, because a new study shows that some wolf pups demonstrate the same innate² fetching skill—a finding that suggests that an ability to playfully interact with people might have been around in ancient wolves before they transitioned into domesticated³ dogs some 15,000 years ago. The work is in the journal iScience.

但说到取回物体的能力，也许狗狗与其祖先的差别并没有那么大，因为一项新研究表明，有些幼狼也表现出了相同的与生俱来的取物能力，这一发现表明，古代狼在大约1.5万年前转化为家犬之前，可能就具有了与人类互动玩耍的能力。这项研究发表在《iScience》期刊上。

Researchers were interested in understanding how domestication⁴ affected⁵ canine⁶ behavior. So they raised several litters of both wolf and dog puppies and ran the little fur balls through a standard series of behavioral tests.

研究人员非常想了解驯化对犬类行为的影响。因此，他们饲养了几窝小狼和小狗，并用小毛球进行了一系列标准的行为测试。

In one of those tests, a "puppy assessor"—someone the animals never before met—would toss a tennis ball across the room and encourage the pup to retrieve⁷ it.

在其中一个测试中，“小狗评审员”——这些动物从未见过的人——会将网球扔到房间另一头，然后鼓励它们取回来。

Wolf pups in the first two litters tested showed little interest in playing ball. But three of the six pups in the third litter caught on quickly. Two wolves named Elvis and Lenny brought the ball back in two out of three throws, while the intrepid⁸ little Sting knocked it out of the park—and carried the ball back all three times.

头两窝被测试的小狼对玩球没有兴趣。但是第三窝的六只幼崽中，有三只迅速地叼住了球。研究人员扔了三次球，名为“埃尔维斯”和“莱尼”的两只小狼叼回来两次，虽然勇敢的小“史汀”将球踢出了公园，但它三次都把球叼回来了。

These results were actually unexpected. The researchers had thought that the ability to socially engage with unfamiliar⁹ humans was something that likely arose after dogs were domesticated. The fact that a few of the wolf pups were up for some fun suggests that the potential for a connection between canines¹⁰ and people could have been present from the get-go, giving some wolves a leg up—or maybe even multiple legs up—in becoming our best friends.

这些结果相当出乎意料。研究人员原本以为，与陌生人建立社交关系，应该是狗被驯化后才产生的能力。有些幼狼会找乐子玩，这一事实证明犬类与人类建立联系的可能也许一开始就存在，这助狼群一臂之力，甚至是几臂之力，使其成为我们最好的朋友。

For Scientific American's 60-second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.

谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是凯伦·霍普金。