2022年经济学人 西方企业纷纷撤出俄罗斯

（单词翻译）

The world this week -- Business

本周国际要闻——商业

Russia's central bank ordered the Moscow stock exchange to close following the invasion of Ukraine.

在入侵乌克兰后，俄罗斯央行下令莫斯科证券交易所关闭。

Trading was halted in certain Russian companies on the New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq.

在纽约证券交易所和纳斯达克上市的一些俄罗斯公司被暂停交易。

The value of Russian stocks traded in London tumbled to almost worthless.

在伦敦进行交易的俄罗斯股票价值暴跌，几乎变得一文不值。

The London exchange later suspended dealings in dozens of firms.

伦敦交易所随后暂停了数十家公司的交易。

The Russian finance ministry¹ is to use $10bn from the sovereign-wealth fund to shore up shares in domestic companies.

俄罗斯财政部将从主权财富基金中拿出100亿美元来支撑国内公司的股票。

Sberbank, Russia's biggest, was forced to cease its operations in Europe permanently².

俄罗斯最大银行Sberbank被迫永久停止在欧洲的业务。

Western companies responded to the tough sanctions introduced by America and its allies by retrenching³ from Russia.

西方公司响应美国及其盟友实施的严厉制裁，从俄罗斯撤出。

After three decades in the country, BP is getting rid of its stake in Rosneft (BP could face a $25bn write-down).

在俄罗斯运营了30年的英国石油正在出售其在俄罗斯石油公司（Rosneft）的股份（英国石油可能面临250亿美元的资产减值）。

Shell is ending its joint⁴ ventures with Gazprom.

壳牌将终止与俄罗斯天然气工业股份公司（Gazprom）的合资企业。

ExxonMobil said it would pull all its investments in Russian oil and gas.

埃克森美孚（ExxonMobil）表示，将撤出在俄罗斯石油和天然气领域的所有投资。

Total will not make any further investments.

道达尔（Total）不会再进行任何进一步投资。

Outside energy, Maersk and MSC, the world's biggest shipping⁵ lines, suspended services to Russia.

能源领域之外，全球最大的航运公司马士基（Maersk）和地中海航运（MSC）暂停了对俄罗斯的服务。

Apple said it would no longer sell iPhones there.

苹果表示，将不再在俄罗斯销售iPhone。

Daimler Truck, Jaguar⁶ Land Rover and Volvo will not deliver cars to the country; Ford⁷ suspended its Russian operations.

戴姆勒卡车（Daimler Truck）、捷豹路虎（Jaguar Land Rover）和沃尔沃（Volvo）将不会向俄罗斯交付汽车；福特（Ford）暂停了其在俄罗斯的业务。

Dell halted its sales in Russia.

戴尔（Dell）停止了在俄罗斯的销售。

America and the EU banned Russian airlines from their air space.

美国和欧盟禁止俄罗斯航空公司进入其领空。

Sanctions also prohibit the sale or supply of aircraft to Russia, which includes planes that are leased to Russian airlines.

制裁还禁止向俄罗斯出售或供应飞机，其中包括租赁给俄罗斯航空公司的飞机。

Facebook, YouTube and TikTok blocked access to RT (Russia Today) and other Russian propaganda outlets⁸.

Facebook、YouTube和TikTok屏蔽了对RT（今日俄罗斯）和其他俄罗斯宣传机构的访问。

The sporting world also stepped up to the plate.

体育界也开始行动起来。

FIFA and UEFA banned Russian football clubs and the national team from participating in international tournaments; UEFA also terminated its lucrative⁹ sponsorship deal with Gazprom.

国际足联和欧足联禁止俄罗斯足球俱乐部和国家队参加国际赛事；欧足联还终止了与俄罗斯天然气工业股份公司的丰厚的赞助协议。

Roman Abramovich, who was mentioned in the British Parliament as a possible target of sanctions, put Chelsea (disparagingly known as Chelski in London) up for sale.

罗曼·阿布拉莫维奇被英国议会列为可能的制裁目标，他将切尔西（在伦敦被蔑称为切尔斯基）挂牌出售。

He has owned the Premier¹⁰ League side since 2003.

自2003年起，他一直拥有着这支英超球队。

After a U-turn, Russian and Belarusian athletes were banned from the Winter Paralympics.

在经历了180度大转弯之后，俄罗斯和白俄罗斯运动员被禁止参加冬季残奥会。

Oil prices soared, despite a move by America, Europe and others to release a collective 60m barrels of oil from their reserves.

尽管美国、欧洲和其他国家释放了6000万桶石油储备，但油价仍在飙升。

That attempt to tame prices was offset¹¹ by the decision of OPEC+, which includes Russia, to maintain modest production increases for April.

包括俄罗斯在内的欧佩克+决定在4月份保持适度的产量增长，抵消了这些国家为抑制油价所作的努力。

America and other countries have pressed the cartel to ramp¹² up output further.

美国和其他国家已经向欧佩克+这一同业联盟施压，要求其进一步提高产量。

Brent crude reached roughly $115 a barrel.

布伦特原油价格达到每桶115美元左右。