2022年经济学人 英国宣布减税以应对生活成本飙升

（单词翻译）

The world this week -- Politics

本周国际要闻——政治

North Korea test-launched what appeared to be its largest intercontinental ballistic missile ever, according to South Korean officials.

据韩国官员称，朝鲜试射了一枚似乎是其有史以来最大的洲际弹道导弹。

Japan called the launch “reckless”.

日本称这次发射行动“不计后果”。

Rishi Sunak, Britain’s chancellor¹, announced giveaways including a cut in fuel duty, a higher threshold at which people pay national insurance (a payroll² tax) and a lower standard rate of income tax from 2024.

英国财政大臣里希·苏纳克宣布了一些优惠措施，包括降低燃油税，提高人们缴纳国民保险(工资税)的门槛，以及从2024年起降低标准所得税税率。

But living costs are soaring and Mr Sunak’s new measures offset³ only around a sixth of previously⁴ announced tax increases as a share of GDP.

但生活成本正在飙升，苏纳克的新措施仅抵消了此前宣布的增税(作为GDP份额的一部分)的六分之一左右。

Madeleine Albright, the first woman to serve as America’s secretary of state, died aged⁵ 84.

美国第一位女国务卿马德琳·奥尔布赖特去世，享年84岁。

An immigrant from Czechoslovakia, she served in the post from 1997 to 2001 during Bill Clinton’s presidency⁶.

她是来自捷克斯洛伐克的移民，1997年至2001年在比尔·克林顿总统任期内担任该职位。

Canada’s prime minister, Justin Trudeau, looks likely to stay in power until 2025, after his Liberal party struck a “supply and confidence” deal with the New Democratic Party.

加拿大总理贾斯汀·特鲁多看似将会执政到2025年，此前他所在的自由党与新民主党达成了一项“供应与信心”协议。

The Liberals will continue to govern as a minority, with support from the other left-leaning party, whose goals on social issues, the environment and housing the Liberals promise to advance.

自由党将继续以少数党的身份执政，得到另一个左倾政党的支持，自由党承诺在社会问题、环境和住房方面推进其目标。

Erika Aifán, a Guatemalan judge, resigned and fled to the United States after attempts to strip her of immunity⁷ appeared close to success.

危地马拉法官Erika Aifán辞职逃到了美国，此前剥夺她豁免权的企图似乎已接近成功。

Ms Aifán, who also faced death threats and lawsuits⁸, was overseeing a case involving alleged⁹ corruption¹⁰ by the president.

Aifán还面临着死亡威胁和诉讼，当时她正在监管一宗涉及总统涉嫌腐败的案件。

Brazil’s Supreme¹¹ Court blocked Telegram, a messaging app, for several days.

巴西最高法院屏蔽了即时通讯应用Telegram数日。

The court argued that the app had ignored its orders over battling disinformation ahead of October’s presidential election.

法院辩称，该应用程序无视其在10月总统选举前打击虚假信息的命令。

Separately YouTube said it would remove videos peddling¹² lies about fraud in the 2018 election.

另外，YouTube表示，将删除散播2018年选举舞弊谎言的视频。

President Jair Bolsonaro has claimed his margin¹³ of victory would have been bigger were it not for vote-rigging.

总统雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗称，如果不是选举舞弊，他的优势会更大。

A trip to the Caribbean by the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, intended to strengthen the British monarchy’s links with Commonwealth¹⁴ countries after Barbados removed the queen as head of state, sparked protests.

在巴巴多斯解除女王国家元首后，剑桥公爵和公爵夫人前往加勒比地区，旨在加强英国君主制与英联邦国家的联系，此举引发了抗议。

A group of Jamaican politicians, business leaders and activists¹⁵ called on the royal family to apologise for colonialism, and demanded reparations for slavery.

牙买加政治家、商界领袖和活动人士呼吁王室为殖民主义道歉，并要求对奴隶制进行赔偿。

The couple cancelled another engagement in Belize, which also saw demonstrations¹⁶.

这对夫妇取消了在伯利兹的另一个出席活动，那里也发生了示威活动。