2022年经济学人 苹果等公司承诺为员工堕胎提供路费

（单词翻译）

The world this week--Business

本周国际要闻--商业

Several American companies responded to a Supreme¹ Court decision to overturn Roe² v Wade³, the ruling that declared abortion⁴ a constitutional right in 1973.

几家美国公司对最高法院推翻罗伊诉韦德案的裁决做出了应对，该裁决于1973年宣布堕胎作为一项宪法权利。

Amazon, Apple, Meta, JPMorgan Chase, Microsoft and Nike were among those that pledged to cover travel costs for employees seeking abortions⁵ and other medical care not available in their state.

亚马逊、苹果、Meta、摩根大通、微软、耐克等公司承诺为寻求堕胎和所在州无法提供这类医疗服务的员工支付路费。

Consumer confidence in America fell to its lowest point in over a year in June amid concerns about inflation, according to a survey by the Conference Board, a research organisation⁶.

研究机构Conference Board的一项调查研究显示，由于担心通货膨胀，美国消费者信心在6月份跌至一年多来的最低点。

The six-month outlook of consumers on the state of the economy and labour market was the bleakest⁷ in nearly a decade.

六个月来，消费者对经济和劳动力市场状况的看法是近十年来最黯淡的。

In Britain, consumer confidence fell to its lowest level since records began in 1974, data published by GfK, a consumer-goods research company, showed.

消费品研究公司GfK公布的数据显示，在英国，消费者信心跌至1974年有记录以来的最低水平。

Lufthansa, a German airline, became the latest carrier to cancel thousands of flights because of staff shortages at airports.

由于机场人员短缺，德国汉莎航空公司成为最新一家取消数千个航班的航空公司。

The carrier will slash⁸ over 3,000 flights to and from Frankfurt and Munich this summer.

今年夏天，该航空公司将削减往返法兰克福和慕尼黑的3000多个航班。

This follows weeks of disruption at airports across America and Europe.

在此之前，美国和欧洲的机场连续数周航班中断。

Russia defaulted on its foreign debt for the first time since 1918 after Western sanctions blocked it from paying its creditors⁹.

由于西方制裁，俄罗斯无法偿还其债权人的债务，这是自1918年以来俄罗斯首次出现外债违约。

Despite having sufficient foreign currency to service its debt, Moscow failed to make interest payments of about $100m on two bonds, both of which were originally due on May 27th, but carried a 30-day grace period.

尽管有足够的外汇来偿还债务，但莫斯科未能支付两笔约1亿美元的债券利息，这两笔债券最初都是5月27日到期的，但都有30天的宽限期。

EY, an auditing¹¹ firm, was fined $100m by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), America’s securities regulator, settling claims that dozens of its audit¹⁰ staff cheated on ethics¹² exams.

审计公司安永被美国证券监管机构证券交易委员会(SEC)罚款1亿美元，就其数十名审计人员在道德考试中作弊的指控达成和解。

EY was also accused of misleading investigators¹³.

安永还被指控误导调查人员。

The penalty is the highest ever imposed by the SEC on an auditor¹⁴.

这是美国证券交易委员会有史以来对审计人员开出的最高罚单。

It is double the amount paid in 2019 by KPMG, a rival firm, for altering old audit work using stolen data.

这是其竞争对手毕马威在2019年因使用窃取的数据篡改旧审计工作而支付的金额的两倍。

The board of Disney voted to extend Bob Chapek’s contract as chief executive for three more years, putting an end to speculation¹⁵ about his future at the media conglomerate¹⁶.

迪士尼董事会投票决定将鲍勃·查帕克担任首席执行官的合同再延长三年，从而结束了外界对他在这家媒体集团未来的猜测。

Mr Chapek, who took over in 2020, had faced criticism over Disney’s response to a law in Florida dubbed¹⁷ “Don’t Say Gay” by its critics.

查帕克于2020年上任，他曾因迪士尼对佛罗里达州一项被批评者称为“不要讲同性恋”的法律的回应而受到批评。

The law is aimed at preventing discussion of gender¹⁸ identity and sexual orientation¹⁹ at primary schools.

这项法律旨在防止在小学讨论性别认同和性取向。

Credit Suisse, Switzerland’s second-largest bank, was found guilty by the country’s top criminal court for its role in the laundering²⁰ of drug money by Bulgarian clients between 2004 and 2008.

瑞士第二大银行瑞士信贷被该国最高刑事法院裁定有罪，原因是该行在2004年至2008年期间参与了保加利亚客户为毒品洗钱的活动。