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（单词翻译）

This is Scientific American’s Sixty-second Science. I’m Cynthia Graber. This will just take a minute.

Poor old spleen, it never got the recognition it deserved. Until now. Scientists had known that the spleen is part of our immune systems. But it was considered expendable, an organ we could live fine without, if we had to, nothing crucial. Now researchers in Boston say that the spleen actually helps mend damaged hearts. The study was published in the July 31st issue of the journal Science.

They’ve shown that the spleen is what they call a critical reservoir of monocytes. Those are cells that scientists had previously1 thought were only found in bone marrow2 and blood that help fight infection. Scientists discovered these spleen-based monocytes by accident. They were investigating heart damage and found more monocytes at the site of the damage than should have been in the entire circulatory system. Upon investigation3, they found the reservoir in the spleen.

After a heart attack, those monocytes surge out of the spleen. When they reach the heart, they fight infection and are critically important in helping4 mend the heart tissue. The researchers now want to find out if there are other conditions where spleen-based monocytes are critical. Finally, the Rodney Dangerfield of organs gets some respect.

 

Thanks for the minute for Scientific American’s Sixty-second Science. I’m Cynthia Graber.

 


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1 previously bkzzzC     
adv.以前，先前（地）
参考例句：
  • The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
  • Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。
2 marrow M2myE     
n.骨髓；精华；活力
参考例句：
  • It was so cold that he felt frozen to the marrow. 天气太冷了，他感到寒冷刺骨。
  • He was tired to the marrow of his bones.他真是累得筋疲力尽了。
3 investigation MRKzq     
n.调查，调查研究
参考例句：
  • In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
  • He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。
4 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的
参考例句：
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

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