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SSS 2010-03-29

时间:2010-05-20 06:16:07

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(单词翻译)

This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I’m Christie Nicholson. Got a minute.

 

Innocent? Or guilty? As any judge can tell you, it’s not so simple.  What was going on the defendant’s mind is important. Underlying1 intent is a pretty big deal when it comes to moral judgment2.

 

Past studies have shown that an area of the brain, the temporal parietal junction3, shows increased activity when people read about another’s intentions or beliefs.

 

So recently scientists wanted to see if impairment to the function of this area would have any effect on moral judgment.

 

Their paper appears in the Proceedings4 of the National Academy of Science.

 

The researchers disrupted the activity in the temporal parietal junction using what’s called transcranial magnetic stimulation5 or TMS. And they asked subjects to consider the morality of various acts. Some where the perpetrator had the intent to harm, others where there was no premeditation.

 

When subjects had their brain’s affected6 by TMS, they focused less on the intention of the perpetrator and more on the outcome of the act. Regardless of whether the protagonist7 wanted to poison their friend, if the friend was ok, then it wasn’t such a bad thing. As opposed to a lucky outcome after a heinous8 act.

 

Because the real world is often less black and white, where judgment is easy, than shades of gray.

 

Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I’m Christie Nicholson.

 


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1 underlying 5fyz8c     
adj.在下面的,含蓄的,潜在的
参考例句:
  • The underlying theme of the novel is very serious.小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。
  • This word has its underlying meaning.这个单词有它潜在的含义。
2 judgment e3xxC     
n.审判;判断力,识别力,看法,意见
参考例句:
  • The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
  • He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。
3 junction N34xH     
n.连接,接合;交叉点,接合处,枢纽站
参考例句:
  • There's a bridge at the junction of the two rivers.两河的汇合处有座桥。
  • You must give way when you come to this junction.你到了这个路口必须让路。
4 proceedings Wk2zvX     
n.进程,过程,议程;诉讼(程序);公报
参考例句:
  • He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
  • to initiate legal proceedings against sb 对某人提起诉讼
5 stimulation BuIwL     
n.刺激,激励,鼓舞
参考例句:
  • The playgroup provides plenty of stimulation for the children.幼儿游戏组给孩子很多启发。
  • You don't get any intellectual stimulation in this job.你不能从这份工作中获得任何智力启发。
6 affected TzUzg0     
adj.不自然的,假装的
参考例句:
  • She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
  • His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
7 protagonist mBVyN     
n.(思想观念的)倡导者;主角,主人公
参考例句:
  • The protagonist reforms in the end and avoids his proper punishment.戏剧主角最后改过自新并避免了他应受的惩罚。
  • He is the model for the protagonist in the play.剧本中的主人公就是以他为模特儿创作的!
8 heinous 6QrzC     
adj.可憎的,十恶不赦的
参考例句:
  • They admitted to the most heinous crimes.他们承认了极其恶劣的罪行。
  • I do not want to meet that heinous person.我不想见那个十恶不赦的人。

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