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词性--冠词

时间:2011-09-15 03:50:05

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(单词翻译)

冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the.

 

1、冠词分类及读法:

英语中冠词有不定冠词定冠词两种,常放在名词的前面,用来限定名词的意义,起泛指或特指的作用。定冠词the读法:单独念时读[Ti:],在句子中常发[Ti ](元音之前)或者[T[](辅音之前)

            不定冠词a/an的读法:单独念时读 [ei ]/[An ];在句子中常发 [[]/[[n] 

2、不定冠词a / an的用法:

不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音开头的词前面; an用在元音开头的词的前面。

不定冠词的基本用法:

(1)    表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。如:There is a dog lying1 on the ground2.(有一只狗躺在地上。)

(2) 表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。如:A elephant is much stronger than a man.(大象比人强壮多了。)(不能译为:一头大象比一个人强壮。)

(2)    表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。如:He is a teacher of English.(他是英语教师。)

(4) 表示“一”这个数量。如:There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.(在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。)

(5)    几个用不定冠词的习语:a bit(一点), a little(一点), a few(几个), a lot (许多), a kind of(一种), a pair of(一副、一双), a number of(大量的), a piece of (一张、一片), half an hour(半小时), have a good time(玩得开心), have a cold(感冒), make a noise(发出嘈杂声), have/take a (rest)(休息)一会儿,等等。

3、定冠词the的用法:定冠词the用在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面。

定冠词的基本用法:

(1)    表示特指的人或事物。如:The man with a flower in his hand is Jack3..(手上拿着一朵花的男人是杰克)

(2)    指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。如:Look at the blackboard,Lily4.(莉莉,请看黑板。)

(3)    复述前面提到过的人或事物。如:There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert.(树下有个人,  那个人叫罗伯特。)

(4)    表示世界上独一无二的事物。如:The earth5 turns around the sun.(地球绕太阳旋转。)

(5)    用在表示方位的名词前面。如:There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River.(长江以南地  区将会刮大风。)

(6)    在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。如:Who is the first one to go?(谁第一个去?) / Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth.(在所有的恒星之中太阳离地球最近)

(7)    常用在乐器名称的前面。如:He began to play the violin at the age of 5.(五岁时他开始拉小提琴)

(8)    用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。如:I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains.(我从来没有去过喜马拉雅山)

(9)    用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。如:He is from the United7 States8 of America.(他来自美利坚合众国)

(10)用在姓氏之前表示一家人。如:The Greens are going9 to Mount6 Emei next month.(下个月格林一家要去峨眉山)

(11)same之前一般用the。如:Lucy and Lily look the same.(露西和莉莉看上去长得一样)

(12)几个用定冠词的习语:at the same time (与此同时),make the bed(铺床),in the end(最后),all the time(一直),by the way(顺便说一下),on the way(在路上)等等。

4、一些不用冠词的情况:

(1) 专有名词和(第一次使用)一些不可数名词时前面通常不用。如:China is a very large country.(中国是个大国) / Man needs air and water.(人类需要空气和水)

(2) 名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时不用。如:My pen is much more expensive than yours.(我的钢笔比你的昂贵多了)

(3)    周名,月名或季节名前一般不用。如:He was10 born11 on Monday, February 18,1995.(他出生在1995年二月十八日,星期一) / They usually plant trees on the hills in spring.(春天他们通常在山上植树)

(4) (第一次使用)复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用。如:Men are cleverer than monkeys.(人比猴子聪明)

(5)    三餐饭前不用。如:We have breakfast at home and lunch at school.(我们在家吃早饭,在校吃午饭)

(6)    节、假日前一般不用。如:On Children’s Day the boys often get presents from their parents.(在儿童节,这些男孩经常得到父母的礼物)

(7)    球类名词前不用。如:The children play football on Saturday afternoons.(孩子们星期六下午踢足球)

(8)    城市的重要/主要建筑物名称前不用。如:They are now at People’s Cinema.(他们此刻在人民电影院)

       (9)  一些习惯用语中不用。如: at / to / from / out of / after / for school; in / to / for / after class; in / to / out of / into bed; after / at/ from / out of / to work;  at / to sea; in / from / down / to town; at / from home; at / for / to breakfast/lunch/supper; at night/noon/midnight; on foot; go to school/bed; on top of; in front of; on show/display/duty/watch; in / out of hospital; at all; on/in time; at first/last/once; in Chinese/English,etc.; take care of


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1 lying 6oJzpf     
参考例句:
  • He was correct in his assertion that the minister had been lying. 他认定部长说谎,事实果然如此。
  • She bridled at the suggestion that she was lying. 她对暗示她在说谎的言论嗤之以鼻。
2 ground 3fWxX     
n.土地,战场,场地;adj.土地的,地面上的;v.放在地上,使...搁浅,打基础
参考例句:
  • The baby is playing on the ground.婴儿正在地上玩。
  • He picked a pen from the ground.他从地上捡起一支钢笔。
3 jack 53Hxp     
n.插座,千斤顶,男人;v.抬起,提醒,扛举;n.(Jake)杰克
参考例句:
  • I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
  • He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。
4 lily c12xZ     
n.百合,百合花,睡莲
参考例句:
  • She is as fair as lily.她像百合花一样美。
  • She destroyed a lily flower.她破坏了一朵百合花.
5 earth ar7xL     
n.陆地;大地;地球
参考例句:
  • The earth moves round the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
  • Spring returns to the earth.大地回春。
6 mount 6Fixv     
n.山峰,乘用马,框,衬纸;vi.增长,骑上(马);vt.提升,爬上,装备
参考例句:
  • Their debts continued to mount up.他们的债务不断增加。
  • She is the first woman who steps on the top of Mount Jolmo Lungma.她是第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰的女人。
7 united Yfmz2c     
adj.和谐的;团结的;联合的,统一的
参考例句:
  • The whole nation is closely united.全国人民紧密团结。
  • The two men were united by community of interests.共同的利益使两个人结合在一起。
8 states 34d955a0df5f7af9c9b4e4dccb3c3564     
国家( state的名词复数 ); 州; [the states][口语]美国; 心态
参考例句:
  • the assumed differences between the two states 两种状况的假定区别
  • He barnstormed across the southern states in an attempt to woo the voters. 他在南方各州作巡回演说,企图拉选票。
9 going dsHzY9     
n.去,离去,地面(或道路)的状况,工作情况;(复数形式)goings: 行为;adj.进行中的,流行的,现存的
参考例句:
  • We're going to listen to a report this afternoon. 今天下午我们要去听报告。
  • He hates leaving the office and going on holiday.他不愿离开办公室去度假。
10 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
11 born 8xkzhH     
v.动词bear的过去分词;adj.出生的,与生俱来的
参考例句:
  • The baby can cry as soon as he is born.婴儿生下来就会哭。
  • I feel as if I had been born again.我有一种再生之感。

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