文章列表

• 1.美国学生人类历史 第158期:中世纪的城市(2)
• Meanwhile the German chieftain, the Frankish Baron, the Northman Duke (or whatever their names and titles) 同时，那些日尔曼酋长、法兰克男爵或诺曼底大...
• 2.美国学生人类历史 第157期:中世纪的城市(1)
• Chapter 35 The Mediaeval city 第三十五章 中世纪的城市 Why the people of the middle ages said that city air is free air 为什么中世纪的人们会说，城市的...
• 3.美国学生人类历史 第156期:十字军东征(5)
• Of course, it would never do to say this openly. 当然，谁也不会把这些情绪公开流露出来。 But when the Crusader returned home, he was likely to imitate ...
• 4.美国学生人类历史 第155期:十字军东征(4)
• During the next two centuries, seven other crusades took place. 在接下来的两个世纪里，欧洲人又发动了另外七次东征。 Gradually the Crusaders learned the...
• 5.美国学生人类历史 第154期:十字军东征(3)
• The first Crusade, a wild mob of honest Christians, defaulting bankrupts, penniless noblemen and fugitives from justice, 第一支十字军是由诚实的基督徒...
• 6.美国学生人类历史 第153期:十字军东征(2)
• Pope Urban II, a Frenchman from Reims, who had been educated at the same famous cloister of Cluny which had trained Gregory VII, thought that the time...
• 7.美国学生人类历史 第152期:十字军东征(1)
• Chapter 34 The crusades 第三十四章 十宇军东征 But all these different quarrels were forgotten when the Turks took the holy land, desecrated the holy p...
• 8.美国学生人类历史 第151期:教皇与皇帝之争(7)
• This led to more warfare. 这当然引发了更多的争端。 Conrad V, the son of Conrad IV, and the last of the Hohenstaufens, tried to regain the kingdom, and...
• 9.美国学生人类历史 第150期:教皇与皇帝之争(6)
• The Hohenstaufen family which got hold of the Imperial German Throne shortly afterwards, were even more independent than their predecessors. 不久之后...
• 10.美国学生人类历史 第149期:教皇与皇帝之争(5)
• The Pope answered with excommunication and a demand that the German princes rid themselves of their unworthy ruler. 格利高里的回答是将亨利四世逐出教会...